What is medical waste and why should we care?

Did you know that in the State of Mexico more than 4,000 tons of medical waste are generated every year? This impressive volume highlights the importance of proper management to protect our health and the environment. Understanding what medical waste is, how it is classified and why it is essential to dispose of it correctly is key to reducing its negative impact on our environment.

What is medical waste?

Medical waste, also known as healthcare waste or biohazardous biological-infectious waste (HBIW), is waste generated during medical or research activities related to human and animal health. These include a variety of materials, from used syringes and gloves to biological samples and tissue debris. Although some of these wastes may appear harmless, many contain pathogens that pose a significant risk to public health and the environment.

Classification of medical waste

Medical waste is classified into several categories according to its origin and level of hazard:

Infectious waste

Includes materials contaminated with blood, body fluids, cultures and laboratory specimens that may contain dangerous pathogens.

Pathological waste

Human and animal body parts, tissues and body fluids.

Sharps waste

Needles, scalpels and other sharp objects that can cause injury and transmit infections.

Chemical waste

Hazardous chemicals used in medical treatment, such as expired drugs, laboratory reagents and disinfectants.

Radioactive waste

Materials contaminated with radionuclides used in medical treatment and diagnostics.

Why should we take care of medical waste?

Proper management of medical waste is essential for several key reasons:

• Prevention of health risks: medical waste may contain infectious agents that, if not handled properly, can cause disease outbreaks in the community. In addition, sharps waste can cause injuries and accidental exposures to pathogens.

• Environmental protection: If medical waste is improperly disposed of, it can contaminate soil, water, and air. For example, pharmaceutical waste discharged into bodies of water can affect aquatic life and enter the food chain.

• Regulatory compliance and liability: Authorities strictly regulate the management of medical waste. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties and damage to the reputation of healthcare institutions.

Proper management is crucial

Properly managing medical waste is not only the responsibility of healthcare facilities, but also of the entire community. From hospitals to veterinary clinics, it is crucial to follow proper segregation, collection, transportation, treatment and disposal procedures. Adopting safe and sustainable practices in medical waste management is essential to protect public health and the environment.

Conclusion

Proper medical waste management is an essential part of healthcare practices that protect both people and our planet. We all have a role to play in ensuring that this waste is managed safely and responsibly.