Dispelling the myths about medical waste management

Have you ever heard that all medical waste is hazardous? Or that incineration is the only safe way to dispose of it? These are just some of the myths that circulate about medical waste management. Although it is a crucial issue for public health and the environment, it is often surrounded by misconceptions that can lead to bad decisions.

#1 All medical waste is hazardous

One of the most widespread myths is that all waste generated in the healthcare sector is hazardous. The reality is that only a small percentage, approximately 15%, of medical waste is considered hazardous, i.e., infectious, toxic or radioactive. The rest is non-hazardous waste, such as paper, cardboard or plastic, which can be managed as ordinary waste if handled properly.

#2 Incineration is the only safe way to deal with medical waste

Although incineration has been a widely used method, it is not the only or necessarily the best option. While it is effective in reducing waste volume and destroying pathogens, incineration can also release hazardous pollutants into the air, such as dioxins and furans. There are alternative methods such as autoclaving, which uses high-pressure steam, and emerging technologies that are safer for the environment and public health.

#3 Medical waste is treated the same everywhere.

Another myth is that all countries manage medical waste in the same way. The reality is that waste management varies greatly depending on the country and its resources. In some places, lack of adequate infrastructure and lax regulations can lead to poor management, increasing the risk of exposure to pathogens and environmental contamination. It is critical for each country to adopt waste management practices that are appropriate for its specific context.

#4 Medical waste management is costly and complex

Although medical waste management requires investment, it does not have to be prohibitively expensive or complicated. With proper planning and the use of appropriate technologies, costs can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, efficient medical waste management not only protects public health, but can also generate long-term benefits, such as reduced costs related to cleaning and infection control.

#5 Medical waste does not have a significant impact on the environment.

This myth underestimates the environmental impact of poorly managed medical waste. From water and soil contamination to greenhouse gas emissions, medical waste can have serious consequences if not managed properly. For example, hazardous waste incineration without proper controls can release toxins into the air, affecting air quality and contributing to climate change.

#6 There is no alternative to the intensive use of resources such as water and gas in the treatment of medical waste.

Traditional medical waste management, such as incineration, is often resource intensive, especially water and gas.

However, new technologies and more sustainable practices are emerging, making it possible to significantly reduce the consumption of these resources. This not only helps to protect the environment, but also offers a more efficient and economical way of handling medical waste.

Conclusion

Debunking these myths is essential to improving medical waste management and promoting safer and more sustainable practices. By better understanding the realities behind medical waste, we can make more informed decisions that benefit both public health and the environment. Proper management of this waste is a shared responsibility that requires awareness, commitment, and action from everyone.